以下澳际留学为正在准备GMAT考试的同学们整理了gmat机经，2011年GMAT机经，以下2011年6月gmat阅读机经，共59篇，2011年6月3日至2011年6月28日。澳际留学祝大家GMAT考试顺利！

1.3.5 广告用气味

V1 by callida

先说奢侈品的广告不能用气味。因为气味不及Label，不能帮助人们认品牌。大概意思。这里有一个小小的对比。后面有题，问大概意思啊，Label能干吗。就把气味反着说。

然后第二段吧好像，忘了分没分段了，暂且当分了。举例子说，做实验，给人们一杯黄色的和红色的水，然后说柠檬味，人们就都想的是黄色的那个。后面有题，问哪个的比喻方式和这个是一样的。有两个选项说的都是和食物有关的，有一个是说Pine，给的是绿色的液体。记得是。狗主选的是，说的是皮革，给的是车- -

考古

开头despite the olfactory advertising trends。。。—解释内容（好像是说olfactory能使心情愉悦）—attentionon it还是很少。来了个however，说olfactory 的效果不如visual和uara（忘了怎么拼了）可以测量。还说要有特定的环境才能有效果，举例说lemon味在黄色的物品下比红色的更容易被分辨。又说在闻到味之前consumer的心情就被影响了。Nevertheless，olfactory advertising还是有独特的一面的。

1． 问那种olfactory 最不容易被分辨出，狗主人选的是coffee味在wheat田里非常肯定。 By uupigyu318

类似原文

Executional cues have been the focus of much advertising research. Visual cues (pictures) and aural cues (music) have been studied extensively, yet virtually no attention has been paid to the influence of olfactory cues in advertising despite the growing trend among advertisers to use scentsin ads. Scents often have been used in advertisements for products in which scent is a primary attribute (e.g., perfumes, room fresheners) and, when used in that context, are a form of sampling. However, scents have also been usedfor products for which scent has been considered largely irrelevant. Forinstance, Tanqueray gin ran a pine-scented ad in USA Today, Rolls Royce advertised its cars in Architectural Digest using leather-scented strips, andt he State of Utah

used floral- and spice-scented panels in a four-page tourism ad. Though such uses may be intended simply as novelties, research suggests that ordor can influence mood state and affect judgment. Therore, the use of scents inadvertising warrants attention.

Odors differ in several ways from the pictures and sounds more familiar to advertising researchers. Compared to visual and aural cues, odors are difficult to recognize, are relatively difficult to label, may produce false alarms and create placebo fects. Schab (1991), in a review of the literature, concluded that the ability to attach a name to a particular odor is so limited that individuals, on average, can identify only 40% to 50% of odors in a battery of common odors. Additionally, consumer ability to detect and recognize odors is influenced by surrounding cues (Davis

1981). For example, a consumer is more likely to recognize a lemon scent when the scent is contained in a yellow liquid than when it is contained in a red liquid. Third, false alarms, perceiving an odor when in reality no odor is present, are relatively common (Engen 1972). Finally, researchers have shown that both emotional and physical states can be affected just by believing an odor is present. The odorant itself need not be present (Knasko, Gilbert, andSabini 1990). That finding suggests placebo fects.

Despite the difficulties, olfactory cues hold appeal to advertisers working inan already cluttered environment. Olfactory responses are primarily autonomic,affecting a person physiologically bore affecting cognition. Odors stimulate the limbic system, the part of the brain responsible for emotional responses.Thus, olfaction represents a different path to the consumer than is afforded byother types of cues.题目

1）好像是主旨题。

2）文中对‘ the growing trend ’一词划线，问它只什么，答案应该就是广告人增加在广告中使用气味。

3）a consumer is more likely to recognize a lemon scent when the scent is contained in a yellowliquid than when it is contained in a red liquid.

题目是进行类比（注意题目问哪个跟那个比喻不相关），答案中有个是看见咖啡，想起小麦田（wheat farm)好像。

4）Compared t ovisual and aural cues, odors are difficult to recognize, are relatively difficult to label, may produce false alarms and create placebo fects。

这句话有考题，问关于visual and aural cues,答案应该是visual and aural cues are easier to recognize and label.

1.3.6 妇女地位与政党

V1 by joyhu0814

一个关于妇女地位及在政党中的什么的文章，有些内容类似prep07 RC-2 189 再加上在政党中的什么的

V2 by jimmyzhang 710

第四篇是女权运动的, 先是旧观点,然后反驳, 两段, 问了三题, 一题问文章是怎么组织的, 一题问文章的主旨 我觉得都差不多

Traditional social science models of class groups in the United States are based on economic status and assume that women&aposs economic status derives from association with men, typically fathers or husbands, and that women therore have more compelling common interest with men of their own economic class than with women outside it. Some feminist social scientists, by contrast, have argued that the basic division in American society is instead based on gender, and that the total female population, regardless of economic status, constitutes a distinct class. Social historian Mary Ryan, for example, has argued that in early-nineteenth-century America the identical legal status of working-class and middle-class free women outweighed the differences between women of these two classes: married women, regardless of their family&aposs wealth, did essentially the same unpaid domestic work, and none could own property or vote. Recently, though, other feminist analysts have questioned this model, examining ways in which the condition of working-class women differs from that of middle-class women as well as from that of working-class men. Ann Oakley notes, for example, that the gap between women of different economic classes widened in the late nineteenth century: most working-class women, who performed wage labor outside the home, were excluded from the emerging middle-class ideal of femininity centered around domesticity and volunteerism.

Question #16. 189-01 (21999-!-item-!-188;#058&000189-01)

The primary purpose of the passage is to

(A) offer sociohistorical explanations for the cultural differences between men and women in the United States

(B) examine how the economic roles of women in the United States changed during the nineteenth century

(C) consider differing views held by social scientists concerning women&aposs class status in the United States

(D) propose a feminist interpretation of class structure in the United States

(E) outline specific distinctions between working-class women and women of the upper and middle classes

Question #17. 189-03 (22045-!-item-!-188;#058&000189-03)

It can be inferred from the passage that the most recent feminist social science research on women and class seeks to do which of the following?

(A) Introduce a divergent new theory about the relationship between legal status and gender

(B) Illustrate an implicit middle-class bias in earlier feminist models of class and gender

(C) Provide evidence for the position that gender matters more than wealth in determining class status

(D) Remedy perceived inadequacies of both traditional social science models and earlier feminist analyses of class and gender

(E) Challenge the economic dinitions of class used by traditional social scientists

Question #18. 189-05 (22091-!-item-!-188;#058&000189-05)

Which of the following statements best characterizes the relationship between traditional social science models of class and Ryan&aposs model, as described in the passage?

(A) Ryan&aposs model differs from the traditional model by making gender, rather than economic status, the determinant of women&aposs class status.

(B) The traditional social science model of class differs from Ryan&aposs in its assumption that women are financially dependent on men.

(C) Ryan&aposs model of class and the traditional social science model both assume that women work, either within the home or for pay.

(D) The traditional social science model of class differs from Ryan&aposs in that each model focuses on a different period of American history.

(E) Both Ryan&aposs model of class and the traditional model consider multiple factors, including wealth, marital status, and enfranchisement, in determining women&aposs status.

V3 by rainzyx

还考到了一篇关于女性feminism的文章，是说一种传统观点认为女性在社会上的权力主要来自于家庭里的男人（husband/father..），但是第二段开始说这种观点是不对的，因为F什么著作里面没有提到，最后得出的观点就是女性社会上的权力是因为她们自身的need,而非靠男人。

澳际留学为大家整理2011年gmat机经，以上2011年6月gmat机经，gmat阅读机经59篇，2011年6月3日至2011年6月28日。澳际留学祝大家考试顺利！

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以下澳际留学为正在准备GMAT考试的同学们整理了gmat机经，2011年GMAT机经，以下2011年6月gmat阅读机经，共59篇，2011年6月3日至2011年6月28日。澳际留学祝大家GMAT考试顺利！

1.3.5 广告用气味

V1 by callida

先说奢侈品的广告不能用气味。因为气味不及Label，不能帮助人们认品牌。大概意思。这里有一个小小的对比。后面有题，问大概意思啊，Label能干吗。就把气味反着说。

然后第二段吧好像，忘了分没分段了，暂且当分了。举例子说，做实验，给人们一杯黄色的和红色的水，然后说柠檬味，人们就都想的是黄色的那个。后面有题，问哪个的比喻方式和这个是一样的。有两个选项说的都是和食物有关的，有一个是说Pine，给的是绿色的液体。记得是。狗主选的是，说的是皮革，给的是车- -

考古

开头despite the olfactory advertising trends。。。—解释内容（好像是说olfactory能使心情愉悦）—attentionon it还是很少。来了个however，说olfactory 的效果不如visual和uara（忘了怎么拼了）可以测量。还说要有特定的环境才能有效果，举例说lemon味在黄色的物品下比红色的更容易被分辨。又说在闻到味之前consumer的心情就被影响了。Nevertheless，olfactory advertising还是有独特的一面的。

1． 问那种olfactory 最不容易被分辨出，狗主人选的是coffee味在wheat田里非常肯定。 By uupigyu318 上123456下

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