2026-01-23 178阅读
澳洲目前最缺乏的专业人才主要集中在医疗保健、工程技术、信息技术、教育行业以及技工领域 这些行业由于人口老龄化、基础设施扩建、数字化转型以及经济增长等因素面临持续的人才缺口 根据澳洲政府就业与技能部最新发布的技能优先级报告 全国有超过三分之一的职业被列为短缺状态 其中医疗保健和社会援助行业有超过一万个职位空缺 工程和信息技术领域各有数千个需求 教育行业尤其是偏远地区教师严重不足 技工行业如电工和管道工缺口逐年扩大 这些数据表明澳洲劳动力市场正经历结构性变化 急需国内外专业人才填补关键岗位 推动经济可持续发展
一、医疗保健行业人才紧缺
医疗保健行业是澳洲人才短缺最严重的领域之一 随着人口老龄化加剧和慢性疾病患者增加 医疗系统承受巨大压力 新冠疫情进一步暴露了医疗人力资源的不足 从城市医院到乡村诊所 从老年护理机构到社区健康中心 各类医疗专业人员都供不应求 澳洲政府已将医疗保健列为优先移民职业清单 鼓励海外医生护士和 allied health professionals 来澳工作 未来十年该行业预计新增数十万个就业岗位 为求职者提供稳定且有意义的职业发展道路
1 护士与助产士需求持续增长
护士是澳洲医疗系统的骨干力量 但目前全国护士短缺数量估计超过五千名 尤其急症护理、手术室和儿科等专科护士更是紧缺 助产士方面 由于生育率保持稳定和 maternal health 服务扩展 需求持续上升 澳洲护士和助产士协会数据显示 到2030年需要额外两万名护士才能满足基本医疗需求 短缺原因包括现有护士老龄化 许多资深护士退休 而 training places 虽增加但毕业生数量仍不足 工作压力大和轮班制度也导致部分护士离职 政府已推出奖学金和 fast-track programs 吸引学生就读护理专业 并为海外注册护士提供简化签证通道 在澳洲 护士薪资待遇优越 平均年薪可达八万澳元以上 且有 clear career progression 从注册护士可晋升为临床护士专家或管理岗位 对于国际留学生 完成认证护理课程并通过英语考试即可申请注册 就业前景极其广阔
2 医生与专科医师供不应求
澳洲医生短缺问题在 rural and remote areas 尤为突出 许多小镇全科医生不足 居民必须长途跋涉就医 专科医生如精神科医生、肿瘤科医生和放射科医生也普遍短缺 据统计 全国有近一千个 rural communities 缺乏足够全科医生服务 专科医生 waiting lists 长达数月 原因在于医学 training 周期长 成本高 且许多医生倾向于在城市大型医院工作 澳洲政府通过 bonded medical places 和 overseas trained doctor programs 试图缓解短缺 提供 financial incentives 鼓励医生去偏远地区服务 医生在澳洲属于高薪职业 全科医生平均年薪超过二十万澳元 专科医生更高 但需要完成 medical degree、internship 和 specialist training 总共可能超过十年 对于海外医生 需要通过澳洲医学委员会考试并完成 supervised practice 才能注册 尽管过程严格 但需求如此之大 使得 qualified doctors 几乎 guaranteed employment
3 老年护理与残疾支持工作者
随着 baby boomer 一代步入老年 澳洲老年人口比例持续上升 预计未来三十年 sixty-five plus 人口将翻倍 这导致老年护理服务需求激增 残疾支持方面 自从国家残疾保险计划 NDIS 实施后 disability support workers 需求大幅增长 目前该行业有超过两万个职位空缺 工作内容包括协助 daily living activities、提供 companionship 和 administer basic care 这类职位通常不需要 university degree 但需要 certificate III 或 IV in aged care or disability support 澳洲政府提供 fee-free training 吸引从业者 薪资虽 initially modest 但随着经验积累和 specialization 可获加薪 工作环境多样 包括 residential aged care facilities、community care 和 client homes 由于情感回报高和 flexible working hours 越来越多人选择这一职业 对于移民 老年护理和残疾支持是热门 pathway often included in skilled occupation lists
4 心理健康专业人士
心理健康问题在澳洲日益受到重视 特别是疫情后 anxiety and depression cases 显著增加 但心理健康专业人士如临床心理学家、心理咨询师和精神科护士严重不足 公立 mental health services waiting times 可长达数月 private practitioners 也 booked out for weeks 澳洲心理学会报告指出 全国需要额外三千名 psychologists 才能 meet basic demand 短缺原因包括 training 名额有限 且 many professionals 集中于 metropolitan areas 政府已增加 funding for mental health initiatives 并扩大 Medicare rebates for psychology sessions 鼓励更多人进入该领域 成为心理学家通常需要六年 university study 包括四年本科和两年硕士 followed by supervised practice 心理咨询师路径较短 但同样需要认证 这一职业不仅薪资可观 average psychologist earning over ninety thousand dollars annually 而且 providing meaningful help to individuals and communities 前景非常光明
二、工程技术领域人才缺口
工程技术是澳洲经济支柱产业之一 涉及基础设施建设、资源开采、能源生产和制造业升级 近年来政府大力投资于 transport projects、renewable energy 和 urban development 导致工程师和相关技术人员需求旺盛 澳洲工程师协会常将 civil、electrical 和 mining engineers 列为紧缺职业 skilled tradespeople 如 drafters 和 technicians 也供不应求 engineering graduates 就业率高达百分之九十以上 起薪平均七万五千澳元 mid-career professionals 可轻松突破十万 对于海外工程师 通过 competency assessment 和英语测试即可申请技能签证 许多 state governments 还提供 sponsorship 加速移民 process
1 土木工程师与基础设施建设
土木工程师负责设计、建造和维护道路、桥梁、铁路、机场和 water supply systems 澳洲目前有数百个大型基建项目进行中 例如悉尼地铁扩建、墨尔本机场铁路线和布里斯班奥运会相关设施 这些项目需要大量土木工程师 据统计 该职业短缺数量约两千名 尤其需要具有 project management 和 sustainable design 经验的专业人士 土木工程师通常需四年 engineering degree 并通过工程师澳洲认证 工作中涉及 site inspections、planning 和 coordination with contractors career path 可从 graduate engineer 到 senior project manager 薪资随经验增长 senior roles 可达十五万澳元以上 政府预测未来五年基建投资将保持高位 确保该领域持续 demand
2 电气与电子工程师
电气与电子工程师在能源转型和科技革新中扮演关键角色 澳洲致力于 renewable energy targets 需要工程师设计 solar farms、wind turbines 和 smart grid systems 电子工程师则专注于 telecommunications、consumer electronics 和 medical devices 领域 目前该职业短缺约一千五百名 特别需要 power systems 和 automation 专家 training 包括四年 electrical engineering degree 注重 practical skills like circuit design and programming 就业 sector 广泛 从 utilities companies 到 manufacturing firms 甚至 defense industry 电气工程师平均年薪八万澳元 experienced professionals 在 mining 或 energy sectors 可获更高报酬 随着澳洲 push for net zero emissions 这一领域前景只会更加 bright
3 采矿与资源工程师
澳洲是 global mining powerhouse 拥有丰富 iron ore、coal、gold 和 lithium reserves 采矿工程师负责 mine planning、safety management 和 extraction processes 尽管 mining industry cyclical 但长期 demand 稳定 尤其 lithium 和 rare earth elements 对于新能源技术至关重要 目前采矿工程师短缺数百名 许多 companies offer generous salaries and bonuses 吸引 talent typical mining engineer 起薪九万澳元 site-based roles often include accommodation and allowances pushing total package over一百二十万 training 需采矿 engineering degree 并注重 fieldwork skills 工作地点可能在 remote areas 但 roster systems 如两周工作一周休息提供 work-life balance 国际工程师可通过 skills assessment 和 employer sponsorship 轻松移民
4 机械与制造工程师
机械工程师设计机械系统和制造 processes across industries 如 automotive、aerospace 和 food production 澳洲 manufacturing sector 虽不如以往 dominant 但 advanced manufacturing 和 defense projects drive demand 例如 naval shipbuilding 和 aerospace components 制造工程师则优化 production lines for efficiency and quality 当前该领域短缺约一千名 professionals 需要具备 CAD 软件和 lean manufacturing 知识 机械工程 degree 通常四年 包括 internships in industry career 可从 design engineer 到 operations manager 薪资范围七万五千至十二万澳元 政府 through Modern Manufacturing Strategy 投资于 local production ensuring sustained need for mechanical and manufacturing talent
三、信息技术行业人才稀缺
信息技术行业是澳洲增长最快的 sector 之一 数字化转型影响 every industry from finance to healthcare to agriculture 导致 IT professionals 需求飙升 澳洲计算机协会报告显示 IT 职位空缺超过三万五千个 尤其 cybersecurity、cloud computing 和 data analytics 领域缺口巨大 tech salaries competitive software developers 平均年薪九万五千澳元 senior architects 可达十五万以上 澳洲 tech hubs 如悉尼和墨尔本吸引 global talent 但 supply 仍跟不上 demand 对于海外 IT 专业人士 移民 pathways 相对 straightforward 许多职业在 skilled occupation lists 上 且 employers often sponsor visas
1 软件开发与工程
软件开发工程师负责创建应用程序、网站和 enterprise software systems 随着 businesses go digital demand for developers 持续增长 澳洲目前短缺约一万名 software professionals 热门技能包括 Java、Python、JavaScript 和 mobile app development for iOS and Android 软件开发通常需 computer science 或 software engineering degree 但 coding bootcamps 和 online courses also provide entry points career 从 junior developer 到 lead engineer 或 product manager 工作环境灵活 许多 companies offer remote work options 薪资方面 graduate developers 起薪七万澳元 experienced ones easily earn over一百一十万 澳洲 tech startups 和 large corporations alike hiring aggressively making it a prime field for job seekers
2 网络安全专家
网络安全威胁日益复杂 从 ransomware attacks 到 data breaches businesses 和 governments 急需 cybersecurity experts 保护 digital assets 澳洲网络安全中心将 cyber skills shortage 列为 national priority 估计需要额外一万七千名 professionals by 2026 roles include security analysts、ethical hackers 和 incident responders training paths 多样 可从 IT degree specializing in security 或 dedicated certifications like CISSP and CEH cybersecurity 薪资丰厚 average specialist earning over一百一十万 annually 且 job security 极高 因为 threats never cease 政府投资于 cyber initiatives 并鼓励 schools promote STEM 教育以培养 future talent 对于移民 cybersecurity 职业 often fast-tracked for visas
3 数据分析与人工智能
数据是新时代的 oil 数据分析师和科学家帮助 organizations make informed decisions through data mining、statistical modeling 和 visualization 人工智能和机器学习专家开发智能系统 用于 predictive analytics 和 automation 澳洲该领域短缺约八千名 professionals skills in demand include SQL、Python、R 和 machine learning frameworks like TensorFlow education background 通常需 mathematics、statistics 或 computer science degree 数据分析师平均年薪八万五千澳元 AI specialists 可超十二万 industries employing these roles range from finance and marketing to healthcare and logistics 随着澳洲 embrace data-driven culture demand 只会 increase providing long-term career opportunities
4 IT支持与系统管理员
IT支持专家和系统管理员确保 IT infrastructure 运行 smoothly from fixing computer issues to managing servers and networks 尽管这些 roles 有时 overlooked 但 essential for every organization 澳洲目前短缺约五千名 IT support professionals especially in regional areas skills needed include troubleshooting、network administration 和 knowledge of operating systems like Windows and Linux training 可通过 TAFE certificates 或 vocational courses career 可从 help desk technician to system administrator or IT manager 薪资虽 initially modest around sixty thousand dollars 但 experience 可 lead to higher pay job stability 好 因为 technology always needs maintenance 对于 those starting in IT this path offers practical entry point
四、教育行业人才短缺
教育行业是澳洲社会基石 但面临严重教师短缺 从 early childhood to secondary schools especially in STEM subjects and special education 偏远地区和 low-socioeconomic areas 更是 struggle to attract staff 政府 reports indicate 全国需要额外数千名教师 才能 meet enrollment growth and reduce class sizes 教育工作者不仅 shape future generations also enjoy stable employment with school holidays and attractive superannuation packages 澳洲 teaching degrees 通常四年 包括 practical placements for accreditation 海外教师可通过 skill assessment 和英语 proficiency 测试移民 often with state sponsorship
1 中小学教师 尤其是STEM科目
中小学教师短缺问题严峻 数学、科学、技术和工程 STEM 教师尤其难招 因为 graduates often choose higher-paying industry jobs 澳洲教育工会估计全国短缺超过三千名 secondary teachers primary teachers also in demand particularly in growing suburbs 原因包括 workload pressures、increasing administrative tasks 和 relatively lower pay compared to other professions 政府已推出 incentives 如 scholarships and higher salaries for STEM teachers 教师薪资 varies by state 但 average classroom teacher earns about eighty thousand dollars with lead teachers reaching over一百一十万 career 可从 teacher to head of department 或 principal 对于 passionate individuals teaching offers rewarding work shaping young minds
2 早期儿童教育与护理
早期儿童教育与护理工作者负责 care and education for children from birth to five years 随着更多 parents return to work 和 government subsidies for childcare demand skyrocketed 澳洲目前有超过五千个 vacancies in early childhood sector roles include educators with certificates and early childhood teachers with degrees 工作环境在 childcare centres、preschools 或 family day care 薪资 historically low 但政府 recent wage increases aim to improve conditions early childhood teacher 平均年薪七万五千澳元 educator around sixty thousand training 可从 TAFE certificate III 开始 适合 those 喜欢与儿童工作 且就业机会 abundant across urban and regional areas
3 特殊教育教师
特殊教育教师支持 students with disabilities or learning difficulties ensuring inclusive education 澳洲 commitment to NDIS 和 inclusive schools drive demand for special ed teachers currently estimated shortage over一千名 这些教师需要 additional training in adaptive teaching methods and behavior management work 可在 mainstream schools 或 special education settings 薪资略高于普通教师 reflecting specialized skills 平均年薪八万五千澳元 career 可从 special ed teacher to consultant 或 coordinator 这一职业 emotionally demanding 但 highly rewarding as teachers make significant difference in students lives 对于 compassionate individuals it offers stable and meaningful employment
4 职业教育与培训师
职业教育与培训 VET sector 提供 practical skills training for trades and technical roles 随着 skilled trades 短缺 VET teachers and trainers 需求增加 他们通常在 TAFE institutes 或 private colleges 工作 teaching courses like carpentry、electrical and hospitality 目前该领域短缺数百名 trainers 需要 industry experience rather than just academic qualifications 例如 former electricians 可成为 electrical trades teacher 薪资 competitive average VET teacher earning seventy-five thousand dollars with opportunities for contract work and consulting training 可通过 certificate IV in training and assessment 这一角色 allows professionals to share expertise while enjoying regular hours compared to onsite trade work
五、技工与 skilled trades 人才急需
技工行业是澳洲经济 backbone involved in construction、maintenance and repair services 长期短缺 due to aging workforce 和 fewer apprenticeships government infrastructure projects and housing construction boom exacerbate demand skilled trades 如电工、管道工、木工和汽车技工 consistently on migration lists 澳洲需要额外数万名 tradespeople over next decade apprenticeship paths 提供 earn-while-you-learn model with wages increasing as skills grow fully qualified tradespeople 平均年薪八万至十万澳元 self-employed 可赚更多 对于 hands-on individuals trades offer secure and lucrative careers
1 电工与电气技工
电工安装、维护和修理 electrical systems in homes、businesses and industrial sites 澳洲电工短缺约四千名 due to new construction 和 renewable energy installations like solar panels becoming electrician 需四年 apprenticeship combined with TAFE study 获得 certificate III in electrotechnology fully qualified 电工平均年薪八万五千澳元 experienced ones in mining or construction 可超十二万 work often project-based with opportunities for overtime pay 电工 licensing required in each state ensuring high standards 对于移民 electricians often eligible for skilled visas with many employers seeking overseas talent 就业前景极佳 因为 electricity essential everywhere
2 管道工与水暖工
管道工处理 water supply、drainage and gas systems essential for residential and commercial buildings 澳洲管道工短缺约三千名 particularly in new housing developments 和 maintenance work training through four-year apprenticeship and certificate III in plumbing career 可从 plumber to business owner 平均年薪八万澳元 emergency plumbers often charge higher rates leading to six-figure incomes 工作 physically demanding 但 job security strong 因为 plumbing issues always arise 政府 regulations require licensed plumbers for many tasks protecting demand 对于海外 qualified plumbers skill assessment through VETASSESS and state sponsorship facilitate immigration
3 木工与建筑技工
木工负责 building frameworks、installing fixtures and finishing work in construction projects 澳洲建筑 industry booming with high demand for carpenters shortage estimated over五千名 training via apprenticeship and certificate III in carpentry work includes residential、commercial and renovation projects 木工平均年薪七万五千澳元 experienced ones 或 those running own business 可超十万 career 可从 carpenter to site supervisor 或 project manager skills like reading blueprints and using power tools essential 对于 immigrants carpenters on skilled occupation lists often with pathways to permanent residency 这一 trade offers hands-on creativity and tangible results
4 汽车技工与机械师
汽车技工维修和维护 vehicles from cars to trucks 随着 vehicle fleet grows and technology becomes complex demand for skilled mechanics increases 澳洲汽车技工短缺约两千名 especially those trained in electric and hybrid vehicles training through apprenticeship and certificate III in automotive technology career 可从 mechanic to workshop manager 或 automotive engineer 平均年薪七万澳元 dealership 或 specialist shops may pay more 随着澳洲 transition to electric vehicles mechanics with EV skills will be highly sought after 工作 environment in workshops 或 mobile services 对于 car enthusiasts this trade combines passion with profession 移民 pathways exist for qualified automotive professionals
六、其他高需求专业领域
除了上述核心行业 澳洲其他一些专业领域也面临人才短缺 这些领域虽规模较小 但 critical for niche sectors and offer unique opportunities 从农业到 hospitality to professional services skilled individuals can find rewarding careers 澳洲多样化经济 ensures that various expertise are valued and in demand 下面详细介绍几个 such fields
1 农业与园艺专业人才
澳洲是 major agricultural producer 出口 wheat、beef、dairy 和 wine 全球 但农业 sector 面临 aging farmers 和 technological changes 需要 professionals in agronomy、agricultural engineering and farm management 园艺方面 随着 urban green spaces 和 sustainable farming trends 需求增长 目前农业科学家和 managers 短缺数百名 training 可通过 agricultural science degrees 或 vocational courses work often in regional areas offering lifestyle benefits 薪资 varies 但 farm managers 平均年薪八万澳元 experienced roles higher 政府 initiatives like drought resilience programs support this sector 对于 immigrants with agricultural background state sponsored visas available
2 酒店管理与旅游专业
酒店管理与旅游行业是澳洲重要 employer especially in cities like Sydney、Melbourne 和 coastal regions after pandemic recovery tourism rebounding creating demand for hotel managers、chefs、tour guides and event coordinators 目前厨师和 hotel managers 短缺显著 training 可通过 hospitality diplomas 或 university work often dynamic with shift work but offering customer interaction and travel perks 薪资 initially modest 但 executive chefs 或 hotel general managers 可赚十万以上 career 可从 front-line roles to senior management 对于海外 professionals with experience employers often sponsor visas especially in regional tourism hotspots
3 会计与金融专业人士
会计与金融 professionals ensure businesses comply with regulations and manage finances effectively 澳洲尽管有许多 accounting graduates 但 experienced accountants 和 financial analysts 仍短缺 particularly in auditing、taxation 和 corporate finance roles 目前该领域短缺约两千名 professionals skills in demand include CPA 或 CA qualifications and knowledge of Australian tax law training 需 accounting degree followed by professional certification 会计平均年薪七万五千澳元 senior roles in big four firms 可超十二万 工作 environment in offices with potential for self-employment 移民方面 accountants on skilled lists 但需通过 skills assessment and often require job offer
4 法律与合规专家
法律专业人士如 solicitors 和 barristers always in demand 但合规专家 increasingly needed due to complex regulations in finance、healthcare and corporate sectors 澳洲目前短缺数百名 legal professionals with expertise in commercial law、immigration law 和 environmental law training 需 law degree and practical legal training followed by admission to practice 律师平均年薪八万五千澳元 partners in law firms 可赚数十万 合规 officers ensure organizations follow laws and internal policies often requiring background in law or related fields career 可从 paralegal to general counsel 工作 intellectually challenging and respected 对于移民 legal professionals may need Australian law conversion courses 但 demand exists for niche expertise
总结
澳洲目前最缺乏的专业人才遍布多个关键行业 从医疗保健到技工 从信息技术到教育 这些短缺 driven by demographic trends、economic policies and technological advancements 为本地和国际求职者提供了 abundant opportunities 对于考虑留学或移民澳洲的人士 targeting these high-demand fields can lead to successful and stable careers 澳洲政府通过 skilled migration programs 和 domestic training initiatives actively addressing shortages 但 gap still significant individuals with relevant skills and qualifications are well-positioned to thrive in Australian job market 无论你是应届毕业生、experienced professional 或 career changer exploring these sectors could be your pathway to a bright future in Australia
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留学关乎到一个家庭的期望以及一个学生的未来,作为一名留学规划导师,我一直坚信最基本且最重要的品质是认真负责的态度。基于对学生和家长认真负责的原则,结合丰富的申请经验,更有效地帮助学生清晰未来发展方向,顺利进入理想院校。
Tara 向我咨询
行业年龄 8年
成功案例 2136人
Cindy 向我咨询
行业年龄 20年
成功案例 5340人
精通各类升学,转学,墨尔本的公立私立初高中,小学,高中升大学的申请流程及入学要求。本科升学研究生,转如入其他学校等服务。
Amy GUO 向我咨询
行业年龄 18年
成功案例 4806人
熟悉澳洲教育体系,精通各类学校申请程序和移民局条例,擅长低龄中学公立私立学校,预科,本科,研究生申请