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　　25.(3次)

　　原始寂静：

　　V1(BY: ElizabethBu ) Responsibility for preserving the natural environment ultimately belongs to each individual person, not to government.

　　原题：

　　“Responsibility for preserving the natural environment ultimately belongs to each individual person, not to government.”

　　保护自然环境的责任完全属于每个个人，而非政府。

　　参考思路：

　　View1: Experience tells us that individuals tend to act on behalf of their own short-term economic and political interest, not on behalf of the environment or the public at large.

　　View2: the government has certain advantages in preserving the environment.

　　Evidence:the government can place certain regulations on the wastes and pollutants towards environment emitted by industries.

　　Fines deprived from corporations and individual ones that disobey the environmental regulations can be used on many ways such as preserve the forests, planting trees, create conserved areas that will improve our current situations.

　　1. 个人是按照自己的利益办事即使有环保意愿但和个人利益冲突或要损失个人利益时候往往就会选择牺牲环境moreover个人往往是短视的，只关注眼前不注意长远。政府则相反

　　2. 环保常常规模很大，个人无力完成。

　　3. 诚然每个保护环境的措施都是要个人的参与的。但是这种参与是在政府的统筹下的。象作者那样的论断是草率的

　　参考范文：

　　While nearly everyone would agree in principle that certain forts to preserve the natural environment are in humankind’s best interest, environmental issues always involve a tug of war (n. 拔河, 两派间的激烈竞争) among conflicting political and economic interests. For this reason, and because serious environmental problems are generally large in scale, government participation is needed to ensure environmental preservation.

　　Experience tells us that individuals (and private corporations owned by individuals) tend to act on behalf of their own short-term economic and political interest, not on behalf of the environment or the public at large. For example, current technology makes possible the complete elimination of polluting emissions from automobiles. Nevertheless, neither automobile manufacturers nor consumers are willing or able to voluntarily make the short-term sacrifices necessary to accomplish this goal. Only the government holds the regulatory and enforcement power to impose the necessary standards and to ensure that we achieve such goals.

　　Aside from the problems of self-interest and enforcement, environmental issues inherently involve public health and are far too pandemic in nature for individuals to solve on their own. Many of the most egregious environmental violations traverse state and sometimes national borders. Environmental hazards are akin to those involving food and drug safety and to protecting borders against enemies; individuals have neither the power nor the resources to address these widespread hazards.

　　In the final analysis, only the authority and scope of power that a government possesses can ensure the attainment of agreed-upon environmental goals. Because individuals are incapable of assuming this responsibility, government must do so.

　　26.(1次)

　　原始寂静：

　　V1(BY: 小象89) A powerful business leader has more chances to influence the nation or community than a government.

　　原题：

　　A powerful business leader has more opportunity to influence the course of a community or a nation than does the government official.

　　一个有力的企业领导比一个政府官员有更多的机会影响一个社团或国家的方针。

　　参考思路：

　　1. Admittedly, 领导人的作用有时不象企业家一样apparent. 因为国家的发展，人们的生活，与企业closely related. 比如GATES，领导了信息产业革命;Rockeller，控制国家的石油命脉took control of American oil supply。企业家通过影响企业的行为，从而直观上影响人course of a community.

　　2. 但是，企业的一切影响is based on its existence, which is permitted by the government. 政府制定各种policy来允许企业的存在，企业家的一切行为需要被政府允许才能产生作用。

　　3. Moreover, 影响一个国家，需要强大的power, which can be only generated from absolutely authority. 这样的绝对权力是企业不具备的。Yet even a cursory review of the history reveals substantial evidence that it is the government leader rather than the business leader that can make the pivotal decision when the nation is in crisis. 比如，在经济recession，企业的力量无法使经济好转，revive the economy of the whole nation, 只有政府运用行政措施，制定positive policy to stimulate the companies and thus the economy of the whole nation. 比如Roosevelt. Bill Clinton. financial policy

　　4 虽然business leader很有影响，比如乔布斯改变了世界，但是business leader影响有限，只能影响industry

　　5. 反而government officials 作为Policy maker可以改变全国甚至全世界的人，比如欧洲现在的债务危机，如果officials处理不好就会影响全欧洲甚至全世界

　　参考范文：

　　Historical examples of both influential public officials and influential business leaders abound. However, the power of the modern-era business leader is quite different from that of the government official. On balance, the CEO seems to be better positioned to influence the course of community and of nations.

　　Admittedly the opportunities for the legislator to regulate commerce or of the jurist to dictate rules of equity are official and immediate. No private individual can hold that brand of influence. Yet official power is tempered by our check-and-balance system (制约平衡制度) of government and, in the case of legislators, by the voting power of the electorate. Our business leaders are not so constrained, so, their opportunities far exceed those of any public official. Moreover, powerful business leaders all too often seem to hold de facto legislative and judicial power by way of their direct influence over public officials, as the Clinton Administration’s fund-raising scandal of 1997 illuminated all too well.

　　The industrial and technological eras have bred such moguls of capitalism as Pullman, Rockeller, Carnegie, and Gates, who by the nature of their industries and their business savvy, not by force of law, have transformed our economy, the nature of work, and our very day-to-day (adj. 日常的, 逐日的) existence. Of course, many modern-day public servants have made the most of their opportunities—for example, the crime-busting (bust: to break or smash especially with force;) mayor Rudolph Giuliani and the new-dealing President Franklin Roosevelt. Yet their impact seems to pale next to those of our modern captains of industry.

　　In sum, modem business leaders by virtue of the far-reaching impact of their industries and of their freedom from external constraints, have supplanted lawmakers as the great opportunists of the world and prime movers of society.

相关链接：

1.GMAT考试作文机经AI部分 5月7日更新（十七）

2.GMAT考试成功法则之作文篇

3.GMAT考试 5月10日更新GMAT语法机经（二）

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