解析SAT阅读中的修辞手法.

2017-08-04 作者： 586阅读

　　对于中国学生来说，除了明喻外，其他的修辞手法并不是很容易掌握，但是这些手法在一定程度上可以影响大家答题的正确率和速度。下面为大家整理的是关于SAT文章阅读考试中修辞手法的举例。

　　1. Understatement ：低调的陈述

　　(1). 定义：A figure of speech whichcontains an understatement of emphasis, and therore the opposite ofhyper. Often used in everyday speech and usually with laconic or ironicintentions. 这种修辞格是故意使用有节制的措辞来陈述事实，故意轻描淡写，借低调与弱化语言形式来表示强调。

　　(2). 例子：

　　E.g.1: I know he ishonest, and I wish I could add he were capable. (我知道他是诚实的，我还希望我能说他是能干的。)

　　此句也是用虚拟语气来体现understatement。“I could add he were capable”其实是说”但他不够能干“。

　　E.g.2: The face wasn’t abad one; it had what they called charm. (面孔不算难看，有一般人所称的妩媚。)

　　此句不是冲淡她的魅力，而是采用低调渲染。“Thace was sweet; her charm conquered everybody.”明似贬抑，实则褒扬.

　　2. simile ：明喻

　　(1). 定义：A figure of speech inwhich two essentially unlike things are compared.明喻是一种修辞手法，把两种基本不相像的东西进行比较。

　　(2). 例子：

　　E.g.1: He is somethingof a political chameleon.他有点象政治上的变色龙

　　E.g.2: He looked as ifhe had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like aspirit. 他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。

　　3. sarcasm ：讽刺

　　(1). 定义：It attacks in a tauntingand bitter manner, and its aim is to disparage, ridicule and wound the feelings of the subject attacked.

　　(2). 例子：

　　E.g.1: Laws are likecobwebs, which may catch small flies ,but let wasps break through. 法律就像是蜘蛛网，只能抓住小飞虫，轻易让大黄蜂一冲即破。

　　E.g.2: Behind everysuccessful man, there is a woman. And behind every unsuccessful man, there aretwo. 每个成功男人的背后，都有一个女人。每个不成功男人的背后，都有两个。

　　4. rhetorical question ：反问句

　　(1). 定义：a statement that isformulated as a question but that is not supposed to be answered a question towhich no answer is required: used it for dramatic or emphasis fect. 　设立一个不需要回答的问题，以起到戏剧或者强调的效果。

　　(2). 例子：

　　E.g.1: Did you help mewhen I needed help?在我需要的时候，你帮助过我吗?

　　E.g.2: Did you onceoffer to intercede in my behalf?你曾经理解支持过我吗?

　　5. Pun ：双关语

　　(1). 定义：The use of a word insuch a way as to suggest two or more meanings or different associations, or theuse of two or more words of the same or nearly the same sound with differentmeanings, so as to produce a humorous fect.用一个词去暗示两种或两种以上的意义或引起不同的联想，或者用两个或两个以上发音相同或相近而意义不同的词，以产生一种幽默效果。

　　(2). 例子：

　　E.g.1:

　　Mother: Your hair needscutting badly.

　　Daughter: I think itneeds cutting nicely, it was cut badly last time. (badly: a. 非常; b. 坏)

　　E.g.2:

　　Judge: Tell me why youparked there.

　　Driver: Because, YourHonor, it said “Fine for Parking” (fine: a. 好的;b. 罚款)

　　6. oxymoron ：矛盾的修辞

　　(1). 定义：A rhetorical figure inwhich incongruous or contradictory terms are combined. 在修辞中使用不协调或前后矛盾的方法。

　　(2). 例子：

　　E.g.1: The coach had tobe cruel to be kind to his trainees. 教练为了对他的受训者仁慈就要对他们残酷。

　　E.g.2: She read thelong-awaited letter with a tearful smile.她带着含泪的微笑读那封盼望已久的信。

　　7. metaphor ：隐喻

　　(1). 定义：A figure of speech inwhich a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used todesignate another, thus making an implicit comparison.用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。

　　(2). 例子：

　　E.g.1: He has a heart ofstone. 他铁石心肠。

　　E.g.2: The diamonddepartment was the heart and center of the store. 钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。

　　8. hyper ：夸张

　　(1). 定义：A figure of speech inwhich exaggeration is used for emphasis or fect. 通过夸张的描述达到某种修辞效果。

　　(2). 例子：

　　E.g.1: My heart almoststopped beating when I heard my girl friend’s voice on the phone. 从电话里听到我女朋友的声音，我的心几乎停止跳动。

　　E.g.2: She gave me the impression of having more teeth, white and largeand even, than were necessary for any practical purpose.她给我的印象是：她有一口洁白整齐的大牙，为数之多已超过任何实际需要。

　　以上就是澳际留学小编为您带来的SAT文章阅读考试中的修饰手法的介绍，大家可以在备考自己的SAT阅读考试的时候，针对自己的特点和阅读文章的特点适当的选择应用。希望以上信息对大家有所帮助。