GMAT数学概念解读之统计.

2017-08-11 作者： 288阅读

　　在GMAT数学备考中，有一些GMAT数学概念是需要考生搞清楚的。本文澳际小编就为大家介绍GMAT数学中的统计概念，希望对考试有所帮助。

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　　GMAT数学概念之统计(descriptive statistics)

　　1.平均数(average or arithmetic mean)

　　2.中数(median)

　　To calculate the median of n numbers，first order the numbers from least to greatest;if n is odd，the median is dined as the middle number，while if n is even，the median is dined as the average of the two middle numbers. For the data 6, 4, 7, 10, 4, the numbers, in order, are 4, 4, 6, 7, 10, and the median is 6, the middle number. For the numbers 4, 6, 6, 8, 9, 12, the median is (6+8 )/2 = 7. Note that the mean of these numbers is 7.5.

　　3.众数(mode)：一组数中的众数是指出现频率最高的数。

　　例：the mode of 7，9，6，7，2，1 is 7。

　　4.值域(range)：表明数的分布的量，其被定义为最大值减最小值的差。

　　例：the range of–1，7，27，27，36 is 36-(-1)= 37。

　　5.标准方差(standard deviation)：

　　One of the most common measures of dispersion is the standard deviation. Generally speaking, the greater the data are spread away from the mean, the greater the standard deviation. The standard deviation of n numbers can be calculated as follows:

　　(1)find the arithmetic mean ;

　　(2)find the differences between the mean and each of the n numbers ;

　　(3)square each of the differences ;

　　(4)find the average of the squared differences ;

　　(5)take the nonnegative square root of this average.

　　Notice that the standard deviation depends on every data value, although it depends most on values that are farthest from the mean. This is why a distribution with data grouped closely around the mean will have a smaller standard deviation than data spread far from the mean.

　　如果考生将GMAT数学概念加以归类，思路会更清晰。考生可以根据归类的GMAT数学概念加以复习。还GMAT数学概念最忌讳的是死记硬背，考生最好采用理解式记忆法，GMAT数学概念就能轻松搞定。