GMAT阅读题型之类比题.

2017-08-11 作者： 270阅读

　　在GMAT阅读题型中，很重要的一类就是类比题，这一类题型往往考察考生朋友测试你区分作者所阐述的情形或观点和与之相应的情形或观点之间的关系的能力，那么遇到这类题型该如何解题呢，为此澳际小编特进行收集整理，分享给大家，希望对大家有所帮助，文中观点仅供参考。

　　类比题测试你区分作者所阐述的情形或观点和与之相应的情形或观点之间的关系的能力。类比题可能要求你找出一个假设的情形，这个情形与文中阐述的情形相似，相对应或者可比较;或者要求你把文中阐述的观点适用于一个作者没有提到过的情形;或者要求你根据文中的阐述识别作者可能赞成或者反对的观点。

　　与推断题不同，类比题使用的是文中没有的观点或情形。题中的观点或情形类似于并且对应于文中提到的观点或情形。因此，要回答这类问题，你要做的不能仅限于回忆你所读到的。你必须深刻认识到文中表述的观点或情形的实质属性，这样当它们以不同的词语的形式出现在完全陌生的环境中时你就可以迅速把它们识别出来。

　　这种题型不是很常见。通常说来，它出现的方式是，以下哪个选项的描述与原文的叙述相似。碰到这种题的时候，不要贸然看选项，而要先注意题干的提炼。也就是原文的事例到底是怎样一种情况。请注意阅读中的类比和GRE词汇中的类比区别在于：它只是一种大致含义的相似，而不是精细的词义对仗。所以，它比后者容易。

　　例：Traditionally, the first firm to commercialize anew technology has benited from the unique opportunity to shape productdinitions, forcing followers to adapt to a standard or invest in an unprovenalternative. Today, however, the largest payoffs may go to companies that leadin developing integrated approaches for successful mass production anddistribution. Producers of the Beta format for videocassette recorders(VCR’s),for example, were first to develop the VCR commercially in 1975, but producersof the rival VHS (Video Home System) format proved to be more successful at formingstrategic alliances with other producers and distributors to manufacture andmarket their VCR format Seeking to maintain exclusive control over VCRdistribution. Beta producers were reluctant to form such alliances andeventually lost ground to VHS in the competition for the global VCR market. DespiteBeta’s substantial technological head start and the fact that VHS was neithertechnically better nor cheaper than Beta, developers of VHS quickly turned aslight early lead in sales into a dominant position. Strategic alignments withproducers of prerecorded tapes reinforced the VHS advantage. The perceptionamong consumers that prerecorded tapes were more available in VHS formatfurther expanded VHS’s share of the market. By the end of the 1980’s. Beta wasno longer in production.

　　99. The alignment ofproducers of VHS-format VCR’s with producers of prerecorded videotapes is mostsimilar to which of the following?

　　(A) Thealignment of an automobile manufacturer with another automobile manufacturer toadopt a standard design for automobile engines.

　　(B) Thealignment of an automobile manufacturer with an automotive glass companywhereby the manufacturer agrees to purchase automobile windshields only fromthat one glass company

　　(C) Thealignment of an automobile manufacturer with a petroleum company to ensure thewidespread availability of the fuel required by a new type of engine developedby the manufacturer.

　　(D) Thealignment of an automobile manufacturer with its dealers to adopt a plan toimprove automobile design.

　　(E) Thealignment of an automobile dealer with an automobile rental chain to adopt astrategy for an advertising campaign to promote a new type of automobile

　　主要问题在于，原文的意思是tapes are more in VHS than that in BETA，即在tapes可以供给给VHS和BETA两种制式的情况下，但是由于战略联盟，tape支持VHS多一些，也就是更多的tapes使用VHS制式，以使得VHS制式的录像机有更多的tapes片源;C答案中fuel=tapes，new type ofengine=VHS,即tapes(fuel)支持VHS(engine),所以跟原文最符合;B答案windshields=tapes,automobile company=VHScompany,"the manufacturer agrees to purchase automobile windshields onlyfrom that one glass company"即等于说VHS(automobile company)支持tapes(windshields)，跟原文恰好相反了。所以B错，C对。

　　以上就是GMAT阅读题型之类比题的相关介绍，考生朋友们在遇到此类问题后不妨多尝试着用这些信息，最后祝大家都能考出好成绩。