8.23 AA(一)

　　14. 0222008; DCdaisy; kenhu; kalinda; elaine_yzz; jenniferwong 5次

　　The following appeared as part of an annual report sent to stockholders by Olympic Foods, a processor of frozen foods.

　　“Over time, the costs of processing go down because as organizations learn how to do things better, they become more ficient. In color film processing, for example, the cost of a 3-by-5-inch print fell from 50 cents for five-day service in 1970 to 20 cents for one-day service in 1984. The same principle applies to the processing of food. And since Olympic Foods will soon celebrate its twenty-fifth birthday, we can expect that our long experience will enable us to minimize costs and thus maximize profits.” (pool 第1题)

　　提纲：

　　1. false analogy: The food industry is not analogous to the color film industry.

　　2. causal oversimplification: Other factors that may contribute t to the cost decline of the printing cost should be considered and ruled out.

　　3. gratuitous assumption: The conclusion of the argument is based on a gratuitous assumption that the company can minimize cost and maximize profit because the company has been conducted for 25 years.

　　1. 错误类比：color film processing和processing of food不相同。problems of spoilage, contamination, and timely transportation都只影响food 不影响film.

　　2. 同时，忽略他因。是否是因为组织更有效率才使COST下降的?很可能是material necessary for the process下降了价钱。所以，两者更不同。

　　gratuitous assumption：二十五年不代表学到了很多。很可能什么都没学到，或者技术已经out of date.

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