以下GMAT机经为澳际留学独家整理，转载请注明出处，若无注明发现必究!

以下澳际留学为大家独家收集整理2011年GMAT机经，以下详细2011年3月及4月GMAT阅读机经汇总，2011年3月27日至2011年4月19日，共49篇。祝大家考试顺利！

1.1.13. 广告

V1 by junyihuo

主题是对比性的广告（把自己牌子的产品和其他牌子的产品明确区分）和非对比性的广告（只是宣扬自己的产品）。翻来覆去的提出论点，反驳论点，提出反驳，我基本got lost了。能记得的是，一些调研显示，非对比性的广告，观众看了会记得这个产品，而不会对这个广告中产品的品牌有深刻印象。不过还有其他90%的信息量我都没吸收。

类似的GWD-31-Q5-Q8 A key decision required of advertising managers is whether a “hard-sell” or “soft-sell” strategy is appropriate for a specific target market. The hard-sell approach involves the use of direct, forcul claims regarding the benits of the advertised brand over competitors’ offerings. In contrast, the soft-sell approach involves the use of advertising claims that imply superiority more subtly. One positive aspect of the hard-sell approach is its use of very simple and straightforward product claims presented as explicit conclusions, with little room for confusion regarding the advertiser’s message. However, some consumers may resent being told what to believe and some may distrust the message. Resentment and distrust often lead to counterargumentation and to boomerang fects where consumers come to believe conclusions diametrically opposed to conclusions endorsed in advertising claims. By contrast, the risk of boomerang erects is greatly reduced with soft-sell approaches. One way to implement the soft-sell approach is to provide information that implies the main conclusions the advertiser wants the consumer to draw, but leave the conclusions themselves unstated. Because consumers are invited to make up their own minds, implicit conclusions reduce the risk of resentment, distrust, and counterargumentation. Recent research on consumer memory and judgment suggests another advantage of implicit conclusions. Belis or conclusions that are self-generated are more accessible from memory than belis from conclusions provided explicitly by other individuals, and thus have a greater impact on judgment and decision making. Moreover, self-generated belis are often perceived as more accurate and valid than the belis of others, because other individuals may be perceived as less knowledgeable, or may be perceived as manipulative or deliberately misleading. Despite these advantages, implicit conclusions may not always be more fective than explicit conclusions. One risk is that some consumers may fail to draw their own conclusions and thus miss the point of the message. Inferential activity is likely only when consumers are motivated and able to engage in fortful cognitive processes. Another risk is that some consumers may draw conclusions other than the one intended. Even if inferential activity is likely, there is no guarantee that consumers will follow the path provided by the advertiser. Finally, a third risk is that consumers may infer the intended conclusion but question the validity of their inference.

1.1.14. GWD原题

GWD17-Q24 to Q27: In 1938, at the government-convened National Health Conference, organized labor emerged as a major proponent of legislation to guarantee universal health care in the United States. The American Medical Association, representing physicians’ interests, argued for preserving physicians’ free-market prerogatives. Labor activists countered these arguments by insisting that health care was a fundamental right that should be guaranteed by government programs. The labor activists’ position represented a departure from the voluntarist view held until 1935 by leaders of the American Federation of labor (AFL), a leading affiliation of labor unions; the voluntarist view stressed workers’ right to freedom from government intrusions into their lives and represented national health insurance as a threat to workers’ privacy. AFL president Samuel Gompers, presuming to speak for all workers, had positioned the AFL as a leading opponent of the proposals for national health insurance that were advocated beginning in 1915 by the American Association for Labor Legislation (AALL), an organization dedicated to the study and rorm of labor laws. Gompers’ opposition to national health insurance was partly principled, arising from the premise that governments under capitalism invariably served employers’, not workers’, interests. Gompers feared the probing of government bureaucrats into workers’ lives, as well as the possibility that government-mandated health insurance, financed in part by employers, could permit companies to require employee medical examinations that might be used to discharge disabled workers. Yet the AFL’s voluntarism had accommodated certain exceptions: the AFL had supported government intervention on behalf of injured workers and child laborers. AFL officials drew the line at national health insurance, however, partly out of concern for their own power. The fact that AFL outsiders such as the AALL had taken the most prominent advocacy roles antagonized Gompers. That this rorm threatened union-sponsored benit programs championed by Gompers made national health insurance even more objectionable. Indeed, the AFL leadership did face serious organizational divisions. Many unionists, recognizing that union-run health programs covered only a small fraction of union members and that unions represented only a fraction of the nation’s workforce, worked to enact compulsory health insurance in their state legislatures. This activism and the views underlying it came to prevail in the United States labor movement and in 1935 the AFL unequivocally reversed its position on health legislation. 24. Q24: The passage suggests which of the following about the voluntarist view held by leaders of the AFL regarding health care? A. It was opposed by the AALL. B. It was shared by most unionists until 1935. C. It antagonized the American Medical Association. D. It maintained that employer-sponsored health care was prerable to union-run health programs. E. It was based on the premise that the government should protect child laborers but not adult workers. -------------------------------------------------------------------- 25. Q25: The primary purpose of the passage is to A. account for a labor organization’s success in achieving a particular goal B. discuss how a labor organization came to reverse its position on a particular issue C. explain how disagreement over a particular issue eroded the power of a labor organization D. outline the arguments used by a labor organization’s leadership in a particular debate E. question the extent to which a labor organization changed its position on a particular issue -------------------------------------------------------------------- 26. Q26: Which of the following best describes the function of the sentence in lines 42-45 (“Yet … child laborers”)? A. It elaborates a point about why the AFL advocated a voluntarist approach to health insurance. B. It identifies issues on which the AFL took a view opposed to that of the AALL. C. It introduces evidence that appears to be inconsistent with the voluntarist view held by AFL leaders. D. It suggests that a view described in the previous sentence is based on faulty evidence. E. It indicates why a contradiction described in the previous paragraph has been overlooked by historians. ------------------------------------------------------------------- 27. Q27: According to the passage, Gompers’ objection to national health insurance was based in part on his beli that A. Union-sponsored health programs were less expensive than government-sponsored programs B. Most unionists were covered by and satisfied with union-sponsored health programs C. It would lead some employers to reduce company-sponsored benits D. It could result in certain workers unfairly losing their jobs E. The AFL should distance itself from the views of the American Medical Association

以上澳际留学为大家整理2011年GMAT机经，以上2011年3月及4月GMAT阅读机经，2011年3月27日至2011年4月19日，共49篇。祝大家考试顺利！

以上GMAT机经为澳际留学独家整理，转载请注明出处，若无注明发现必究!

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以下GMAT机经为澳际留学独家整理，转载请注明出处，若无注明发现必究!

以下澳际留学为大家独家收集整理2011年GMAT机经，以下详细2011年3月及4月GMAT阅读机经汇总，2011年3月27日至2011年4月19日，共49篇。祝大家考试顺利！

1.1.13. 广告

V1 by junyihuo

主题是对比性的广告（把自己牌子的产品和其他牌子的产品明确区分）和非对比性的广告（只是宣扬自己的产品）。翻来覆去的提出论点，反驳论点，提出反驳，我基本got lost了。能记得的是，一些调研显示，非对比性的广告，观众看了会记得这个产品，而不会对这个广告中产品的品牌有深刻印象。不过还有其他90%的信息量我都没吸收。

类似的GWD-31-Q5-Q8 A key decision required of advertising managers is whether a “hard-sell” or “soft-sell” strategy is appropriate for a specific target market. The hard-sell approach involves the use of direct, forcul claims regarding the benits of the advertised brand over competitors’ offerings. In contrast, the soft-sell approach involves the use of advertising claims that imply superiority more subtly. One positive aspect of the hard-sell approach is its use of very simple and straightforward product claims presented as explicit conclusions, with little room for confusion regarding the advertiser’s message. However, some consumers may resent being told what to believe and some may distrust the message. Resentment and distrust often lead to counterargumentation and to boomerang fects where consumers come to believe conclusions diametrically opposed to conclusions endorsed in advertising claims. By contrast, the risk of boomerang erects is greatly reduced with soft-sell approaches. One way to implement the soft-sell approach is to provide information that implies the main conclusions the advertiser wants the consumer to draw, but leave the conclusions themselves unstated. Because consumers are invited to make up their own minds, implicit conclusions reduce the risk of resentment, distrust, and counterargumentation. 上1234下

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