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　　6.

　　原始寂静：

　　V1(BY: ydia01234): In general, 人们认为university hospital 比 community hospitals or private hospitals 更好。但作者说在他们州university hospitals employ 百分多少(记不太清了，貌似是20%)fewer doctor, fewer success in treating patient, make few gross profit (貌似还有一个指标) than other kinds of hospitals. 另外，作者还说doctors in university hospitals divide their time among teaching, conducting research and treating patients. 因此作者得出结论quality of care in university hospitals 会比其他类型的hospitals差。

　　原题：

　　The following appeared in an article in the health section of a newspaper:

　　“There is a common misconception that university hospitals are better than community or private hospitals. This notion is unfounded, however: the university hospitals in our region employ 15 percent fewer doctors, have a 20 percent lower success rate in treating patients, make far less overall profit, and pay their medical staff considerably less than do private hospitals. Furthermore, many doctors at university hospitals typically divide their time among teaching, conducting research, and treating patients. From this it seems clear that the quality of care at university hospitals is lower than that at other kinds of hospitals.”

　　Discuss how well reasoned . . . etc.

　　报纸的健康板块上的文章：

　　有一种普遍的错误观念认为大学医院比社区或私人医院更好。这个想法是无根据的，我们地区的大学医院较之私人医院，少雇15%的医生，对患者的治愈率要低20%，总体利润要小得多，给一户员工的待遇比私人医院低很多。而且，很多大学医院的医生将他们的时间分为教学，直到研究和看病几部分。从此可明显看出大学医院的服务质量比其他医院低。

　　参考思路：

　　1.Insufficient sample：这里将的是“我们地区”，不具有代表性

　　2.False causal relationship：因为学校医生要上课，做研究，照顾病人，同时工资少，所以说care lower，无因果关系

　　3.Gratuitous assumption：假设雇佣医生少，付工资就会少没有依据

　　4.从一个医院的情况就推广到整个太草率

　　5. 治愈率低可能是因为接受的患者得的病都比较罕见等原因造成的

　　6. 工资低，总体利润低，时间分配给教学都不能一定说明质量差。可能其他福利好，接受的病人少，教学研究有助于进步

　　参考范文：

　　In this argument the author concludes that university hospitals provide no better care than private or community hospitals. The author bases this conclusion on the following claims about university hospitals: the ones in this region employ 15 percent fewer doctors; they have a 20 percent lower success rate in treating patients; they pay their staffs less money; they make less profit than community hospitals; and they utilize doctors who divide their time between teaching, research and treating patients. This argument is unconvincing for several reasons.

　　The most egregious reasoning error in the argument is the author’s use of evidence pertaining to university hospitals in this region as the basis for a generalization about all university hospitals. The underlying assumption operative in this inference is that university hospitals in this region are representative of all university hospitals. No evidence is offered to support this gratuitous assumption.

　　Secondly, the only relevant reason offered in support of the claim that the quality of care is lower in university hospitals than it is at other hospitals is the fact that university hospitals have a lower success rate in treating patients. But this reason is not sufficient to reach the conclusion in question unless it can be shown that the patients treated in both types of hospitals suffered from similar types of maladies. For example, if university hospitals routinely treat patients suffering from rare diseases whereas other hospitals treat only those who suffer from known diseases and illnesses, the difference in success rates would not be indicative of the quality of care received.

　　Finally, the author assumes that the number of doctors a hospital employs, its success rate in treating patients, the amount it pays its staff, and the profits it earns are all reliable indicators of the quality of care it delivers. No evidence is offered to support this assumption nor is it obvious that any of these factors is linked to the quality of care delivered to patients. Moreover, the fact that doctors in university hospitals divide their time among many tasks fails to demonstrate that they do a poorer job of treating patients than doctors at other kinds of hospitals. In fact, it is highly likely that they do a better job because they are more knowledgeable than other doctors due to their teaching and research.

　　In conclusion, the author’s argument is unconvincing. To strengthen the argument the author would have to demonstrate that university hospitals in this region are representative of all university hospitals, as well as establishing a causal link between the various factors cited and the quality of care delivered to patients.

　相关链接：

1.790分考生谈GMAT考试突破心得：GMAT作文

2.GMAT考试作文机经 7月10日更新（四）

3.三个方法提高GMAT写作

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