GMAT阅读机经整理：manufacturering.

2017-08-10 作者： 56阅读

　　5月6日后GMAT换库后，小编为大家收集整理5月份的GMAT阅读机经，这篇是关于manufacturering的文章，分享给大家，希望对大家有所帮助，仅供参考。

　　遇到的第一篇阅读不是机经上的，但是真心忘完了= =。就记得有个manufacturing啥的，(需要考古)好像跟5,21 放狗的那个北京同学是一样的，但是看着他的我也只能想起好像大概应该是这篇吧= =。对不住了。

　　[考古]待确认

　　1980s 的服务行业和制造业之间的差别前者利益下滑，后者上涨，然后W神马的就分析了这种区别其中提出了一个原因是关于高科技的

　　讲美国的制造业在70年代的时候开始衰退的现象并且讨论了一些其他的学者给的解释，有一道主旨题，我选了examine....就是作者重新审视和评价了以往对于美国制造业衰退所进行的那些解释(基本上作者认为那些解释都是不正确或者不完善的)。文章一屏半不到一点

　　开始讲了美国的制造业增长率在1960s;还是多少多少，然后到了1970s‘就变成了多少。

　　这可能部分是因为服务业的崛起。。然后后面有一些解释。。。记得不全，一个解释是说是因为政府赤字同时利率很高然后人们把钱都拿去储蓄了而不对制造业进行投资，但是作者反驳了这种观点认为服务业其实需要更多的原始投资，但是在这段时间服务业正好和制造业情况相反，发展得很快(这里有题目)。。。。by liuluheng 720

　　还有一篇是讲美国的第二产业和第三产业的，好像跟1.1.4有点相似，但是感觉跟原文有点差距，我做的时候有3段- - 不知道为什么有前人只有2段。。。

　　第一段跟其他版本差不多含义。

　　第二段是说是什么原因导致第二产业和第三产业有这个GAP呢。而且第二产业为什么能够在1980年之后爆发呢。balabala的一页- -啊第二段，叫LZ情何以堪。

　　第三段还说出了一个原因，是关于利率的。利率下降能够带来更多INVESTMENT进technology，但是第三产业就不能，因为第三产业所需要的技术有限，是manager的能力决定第三产业的发展(大概是这样吧)我没能读太出来。这文章太长了。。。

　　有主旨题我选了POINT OUT在第二产业能用的，在第三产业不适用。By winzero 710

　　manufature industry和service industry发展不平衡的问题，一页半，原因第一是战争吧，第二是政府财政赤字。第二段开头的discrepancy到第二题有highlight题问原因

　　1980制造业振兴美国经济把经济增长率提高了制造业下降了服务也上升了，服务业在最近的多少年之内总体上上升，总体上有大好趋势

　　然后讲了制造业和服务业的特点。还有科技对服务业的影响。。。。。服务业单位的boss 选人不给力造成服务业没法提高，不好意思我同学也就会一起这么多。。。不过据说题挺简单的。

　　还有服务业对科技的运用不够而制造业对科技运用很到位。所以制造业对国民经济的影响持续给力

　　v6：

　　第一段是说美国的经济在某段时间是3%的增长速度(好像是某段时间到1970S)，之后直到1980s一直是1%的增长速度，然后又说这个和manufacturing的关系不大，因为它在美帝的经济里面占用的比例不大云云，只占所有worker数量的19%多点，然后说这个是service sector的关系。

　　第二段解释这个东西，有高亮，是某个p开头单词，想不起来了说什么manufacturing的工人数量在减少(好像有说)，然后说工人为了保住饭碗不得不努力提高能力，然后说manufacturing的工人是被国外的抢了饭碗，然后突然掉转话头说这个其实不是主要因素，只是出于政治考虑这么说的，其实是manufacturing的市场没有扩大。之前好像还说了service sector没有foreign competition但是也没增长。

　　然后第三段another explanation，说这个是因为federal dicit，这个东西导致lower interest rate然后神马的记不大清了，这个有问weaken。

　　疑似原文(需狗主确认)

　　T-3-Q33-Q36

　　(This passage is excerpted from material published in 1997)

　　Whereas United States economic productivity grew at an annual rate of 3 percent from 1945 to 1965, it has grown at an annual rate of only about 1 percent since the early 1970’s. What might be preventing higher productivity growth? Clearly, the manufacturing sector of the economy cannot be blamed. Since 1980, productivity improvements in manufacturing have moved the United States from a position of acute decline in manufacturing to one of world prominence. Manufacturing, however, constitutes a relatively small proportion of the economy. In 1992, goods-producing businesses employed only 19.1 percent of American workers, whereas service-producing businesses employed 70 percent. Although the service sector has grown since the late 1970’s, its productivity growth has declined. Several explanations have been offered for this declined and for the discrepancy in productivity growth between the manufacturing and service sectors. One is that traditional measures fail to rlect service-sector productivity growth because it has been concentrated in improved quality of services. Yet traditional measures of manufacturing productivity have shown significant increases despite the under measurement of quality, whereas service productivity has continued to stagnate. Others argue that since the 1970’s, manufacturing workers, faced with strong foreign competition, have learned to work more ficiently in order to keep their jobs in the United States, but service workers, who are typically under less global competitive pressure, have not. However, the pressure on manufacturing workers in the United States to work more ficiently has generally been overstated, often for political reasons. In fact, while some manufacturing jobs have been lost due to foreign competition, many more have been lost simply because of slow growth in demand for manufactured goods.

　　Yet another explanation blames the federal budget dicit: if it were lower, interest rate would be lower too, thereby increasing investment in the development of new technologies, which would spur productivity growth in the service sector. There is, however, no dearth of technological resources, rather, managers in the service sector fail to take advantage of widely available skills and machines. High productivity growth levels attained by leading edge service companies indicate that service sector managers who wisely implement available technology and choose skillful workers can significantly improve their companies’ productivity. The culprits for service-sector productivity stagnation are the forces-such as corporate takeovers and unnecessary governmental regulation-that distract managers from the task of making optimal use of available resources.

　　T-3-Q33

　　Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the budget dicit explanation for the discrepancy mentioned in line 27?

　　A.Research shows that the federal budget dicit has traditionally caused service companies to invest less money in research and development of new technologies.

　　B.New technologies have been shown to play a significant role in companies that have been able to increase their service productivity.

　　C.In both service sector and manufacturing, productivity improvements are concentrated in gains in quality.

　　D.The service sector typically requires larger investments in new technology in order to maintain productivity growth than dose manufacturing

　　E.High interest rates tend to slow the growth of manufacturing productivity as much as they slow the growth of service-sector productivity in the United States

　　T-3-Q34

　　The passage states which of the following about the fect of foreign competition on the American manufacturing sector since the 1970’s?

　　A.It has often been exaggerated.

　　B.It has not been a direct cause of job loss.

　　C.It has in large part been responsible for the subsequent slowing of productivity growth.

　　D.It has slowed growth in the demand for manufactured goods in the United States.

　　E.It has been responsible for the majority of American jobs lost in manufacturing.

　　T-3-Q35

　　It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following was true of the United States manufacturing sector in the years immediately prior to 1980?

　　A.It was performing relatively poorly.

　　B.It was in a position of world prominence.

　　C.It was increasing its productivity at an annual rate of 3 percent.

　　D.It was increasing its productivity at an annual rate of 1 percent.

　　E.Its level of productivity was higher than afterward.

　　T-3-Q36

　　The author of the passage would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about productivity improvements in United States service companies?

　　A.Such improvements would be largely attributable to ficiencies resulting from corporate takeovers.

　　B.Such improvements would depend more on wise implementation of technology than on managers’ choice of skilled workers.

　　C.Such improvements would be more easily accomplished if there were fewer governmental regulations of the service sector.

　　D.Such improvements would require companies to invest heavily in the development of new technologies.

　　E.Such improvements would be attributable primarily to companies’ facing global competitive pressure.

　　Ans: E A A C

　　以上就是关于manufacturering的GMAT阅读机经的全部内容，考生朋友可以有选择的看看，最后需要提醒各位的是，机经虽然会对我们解题有所帮助，但是在考场中即使题目很像也要避免秒选，最后祝大家都能考出好成绩。