考试日期：

2013年12月7日

Reading Passage 1

Title:

印度古井step well

Question �types:

TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN;

Short answer;

Summary;

文章内容回顾

讲古印度的一个收集水的设施的建设。

题型难度分析

这篇文章的题型构成符合常规考试的模式，题目都是顺序题目，相对而言难度不大。

题型技巧分析

Summary填空题有几个特别重要的技巧：

做题之前先判断所填词的词性，如果空格前面出现了“the, a, an”, 那文章中需要填的词前面一般也会出现这三个冠词。

如果题目所在句子里出现了“逻辑关系”，那么文章中相对应的句子里也会出现同样的“逻辑关系”。

剑桥雅思推荐原文练习

剑桥真题7 Test 4;

剑桥真题9 Test 1;

Reading Passage 2

Title:

What are the benits �of coming first

Question �types:

List of Headings;

Matching人物观点匹配；

Summary;

文章内容回顾

关于生育顺序对孩子发育的影响。

题型难度分析

出现了段落大意题和人物理论匹配题，题目难度较大。

题型技巧分析

标题配对题（List of headings）是雅思阅读中的一种重要题型，要求给段落找小标题。它一般位于文章之前，由两部分组成：一部分是选项，另一部分是段落编号，要求给各个段落找到与它对应的选项，即表达了该段中心思想的选项，有时还会举一个例子。当然，例子中的选项是不会作为答案的。

解题思路：

1. 将例子所对应的选项及段落标号划去

2. 划出选项中的关键词及概念性名词

3. 浏览文章，抓住各段的主题句和核心词（尤其是反复出现的核心词），重点关注段落首句、第二句与末句

4. 与段落主题句同义或包含段落核心词的选项为正确答案

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在做雅思人名观点配对题时不需要看完全篇再去做题，而是可以采用定位法去解决，这样既快捷高效地完成了阅读任务，也不会再对阅读中的搭配题感到棘手和害怕。

考题要点：

A. 人名观点配对一般考察的是某个人的言论(statement)、观点(opinion)、评论(comment)、发现(findings �or discoveries)。这样，一般这个题的答案在文中就只有两个答案区：

1. 人名边上的引号里面的内容；

2. 人名+ �think /say /claim /argue /believe /report /find /discover /insist /admit �/report... + that从句。

B. 人名在文中一般以以下方式出现：

1. 全称(full �name), 如：Brian Waldron

2. 名(first �name), 不常见

3. 姓(surname), 如：Professor �Smith

4. He/she（在同一段话中，该人再次出现时，用指示代词替代）

因此，建议考生去文中找人名时，应该将上述四种情况均考虑进去。再者，应该谨记在心的是：如果一个人名在一段话中出现N次，也只能算一次。如果一个人名在N段话中出现，就算N次。

C. 该题的答案遍布于全文。因此应该从文章的开头往后依次寻找人名。

D. 该题貌似是全篇文章的考察，其实考察的就是这些人所说的几句话。故应先从文中找人名，再去找答案。

相关英文原文阅读

How Birth Order Affects Your �Personality

�

When I tell people I study whether birth order affects �personality, I usually get blank looks. It sounds like studying whether the �sky is blue. Isn’t it common sense? Popular books invoke birth order for � self-discovery, relationship tips, business advice and parenting guidance in �titles such as The Birth Order Book: Why You �Are the Way You Are (Revell, �2009). Newspapers and morning news shows debate the importance of the latest �findings (“Latter-born children engage in more risky behavior; what should �parents do?”) while tossing in savory anecdotes (“Did you know that 21 of the �first 23 astronauts into space were firstborns?”).

But when scientists scrutinized the data, they found that the �evidence just did not hold up. In fact, until very recently there were no � convincing findings that linked birth order to personality or behavior. Our �common perception that birth order matters was written off as an example of �our well-established tendency to remember and accept evidence that supports �our pet theories while readily forgetting or overlooking that which does not. �But two studies from the past three years finally found measurable fects: �our position in the family does indeed affect both our IQ and our �personality. It may be time to reconsider birth order as a real influence �over whom we grow up to be.

�

Size Matters

Bore discussing the new findings, it will help to explain why �decades of research that seemed to show birth-order fects was, in fact, �flawed. Put simply, birth order is intricately linked to family size. A child � from a two-kid family has a 50 percent chance of being a firstborn, whereas a �child from a five-kid family has only a 20 percent chance of being a �firstborn. So the fact that astronauts are disproportionately firstborns, for �example, could merely show that they come from smaller families—not that �firstborns have any particularly astronautic qualities. (Of course, �firstborns may indeed have astronautic qualities. The point is that with �these data, we cannot tell.)

There are many reasons that family size could affect our �predilections and personalities. More children mean that parental resources �(money, time and attention) have to be spread more thinly. Perhaps more �telling, family size is associated with many important social factors, such �as ethnicity, education and wealth. For example, wealthier, better-educated �parents typically have fewer children. If astronauts are more likely to have �well-educated, comfortable parents, then they are also more likely to come �from a smaller family and thus are more likely to be a firstborn.

Of the some 65,000 scholarly articles about birth order indexed �by Google Scholar, the vast majority suffer from this problem, making the � research difficult to interpret. Many of the few remaining studies fail to �show significant fects of birth order. In 1983 psychiatrists Cecile Ernst �and Jules Angst of the University of Zurich determined, after a thorough �review of the literature, that birth-order fects were not supported by the �evidence. In 1998 psychologist Judith Rich Harris published another �comprehensive attack on the concept in The Nurture Assumption (Free �Press). By 2003 cognitive scientist Steven Pinker of Harvard University found �it necessary to spend only two pages of his 439-page discussion of nature and �nurture, The Blank Slate (Penguin), �dismissing birth order as irrelevant.

�

New Evidence

Even so, the case in 2003 against birth-order fects was mainly �an absence of good evidence, rather than evidence of an absence. In fact, the � past few years have provided good news for the theory. In 2007 Norwegian �epidemiologists Petter Kristensen and Tor Bjerkedal published work showing a �small but reliable negative correlation between IQ and birth order: the more �older siblings one has, the lower one’s IQ. Whether birth order affects �intelligence has been debated inconclusively since the late 1800s, although �the sheer size of the study (about 250,000 Norwegian conscripts) and the �rigorous controls for family size make this study especially convincing.

剑桥雅思推荐原文练习

剑桥真题9 Test 2;

剑桥真题8 Test 2;

Reading Passage 3

Title:

Ingenuity

Question �types:

Multiple �Choice;

TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN;

文章内容回顾

文章先对ingenuity下了定义，然后讲到人们对它的需求不断增加，后面讲到不同领域对它的需求。

题型难度分析

题型顺序与文章顺序一致，难度中等。

题型技巧分析

是非无判断题：做题前一定要读懂题目要求，明白什么情况下选FALSE, 什么情况下选NOT �GIVEN。只有题目内容与文章相反的情况下才可以选FALSE。对于选择TRUE的选项，一般情况下题目当中会出现与文章内容相对应的同义替换词。

剑桥雅思推荐原文练习

剑桥真题5 Test1;

考试趋势分析和备考指导：

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总结2013年前11个月的考试，阅读题型中段落细节题，填空题和判断题是一定会出现的考题，会配合出现list of heading和选择题。