下面为大家整理的是一篇关于世界上原子弹发明人之一的费米·恩里科的SAT写作经典素材，在这篇素材中详细的介绍了他的生平以及他是如何发明原子弹等内容的。大家可以在备考SAT写作考试的时候，根据自己的实际备考情况适当的加以应用。

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　　Fermi, Enrico 1901 – 1954 (费米·恩里科：意大利物理学家, 原子弹发明人之一, 1939年移居美国, 曾获1938年诺贝尔物理学奖)

　　Physicist, born on September 29, 1901 in Rome, Italy. The son of a civil servant father and a schoolteacher mother, Fermi studied at the University of Pisa from 1918 to 1922, where his precocity led him to often teach his teachers.

　　In 1926, while a lecturer at the University of Florence, he developed a new form of statistical mechanics to explain the theoretical behavior of atomic particles. Fermi also developed the theory of beta decay, which introduced the last of the four basic forces known to nature, the nuclear “weak force.? At the University of Rome, he and his colleagues unwittingly split the nuclei of uranium atoms by bombarding them with neutrons, thus producing the first artificial radioactive substances. Fermi thought that the atoms were not splitting, but emitting a new element. For this breakthrough, Fermi received the 1938 Nobel Prize in physics. The same experiment yielded Fermi’s most notable discovery: that slowing neutrons by passing them through a light-element “moderator?increased their fectiveness. This “slowing?process later allowed for the release of nuclear energy in a reactor.

　　Fearing for the safety of his Jewish wife because of Mussolini&aposs anti-Semitic legislation, Fermi went directly from the Nobel Prize presentation in Stockholm to Columbia University in New York City. In 1939, he and Leo Szilard designed the first nuclear reactor, which Fermi euphemistically called a “nuclear pile.? They moved this work to the University of Chicago in 1942, joining the Manhattan Project, the American-led fort to build the first atomic bomb.

　　On December 2, 1942, on the squash courts of the University of Chicago, Fermi presided over what the site’s commemorative plaque now calls “the first self-sustaining chain reaction and thereby initiated the controlled release of nuclear energy."?The pile ran for twenty-eight minutes and produced 200 watts of power, paving the way for the 1945 invention of the plutonium-based atomic bomb.

　　Fermi moved to Los Alamos, New Mexico, in 1944 and attended the detonation of the first atomic bomb at the Trinity Test Site in the New Mexican desert. He estimated the force of the explosion by simply dropping scraps of paper in the wind and comparing their displacement bore and during the blast. Despite his immeasurable contribution to the atomic bomb, Fermi opposed the development of the more powerful hydrogen bomb, calling it a “weapon which in its practical fect is almost one of genocide.? Fermi died of stomach cancer on November 28, 1954, in Chicago.

　　恩里科·费米(Enrico Fermi，1901年9月29日—1954年11月28日)，美籍意大利裔物理学家，1938年诺贝尔物理学奖获得者。他对理论物理学和实验物理学方面均有重大贡献，首创了β衰变的定量理论，负责设计建造了世界首座自持续链式裂变核反应堆，发展了量子理论。

　　以上就是关于费米·恩里科的SAT写作经典素材的全部内容，非常详细，后面附有相关的汉语背景介绍。这是一个在科学界非常有名的人物，但是又不是我们那么烂熟的一些内容。所以大家在备考的时候可以适当的借鉴一下。

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