雅思口语中的名从、状从、定从

2017-07-10 作者： 147阅读

对于很少开口讲英语的中国考生而言，雅思口语的难点在于：

一、没话说(特别是第二部分的卡片题，碰到不熟悉的，说不满一分钟)；

二、不知怎么说 (脑中出现的总是几个关键词而已，口头连词成句的能力还有欠缺，导致频繁出现broken English，即不成句的英语)。

以上这两点大大影响了口语成绩，均分全球垫底成为可能。而攻克这两大难点的通用武器便是——经典句型。语法知识告诉我们，英语中的三大从句各有用途。定语从句起修饰或包装的作用；名词性从句提供信息；状语从句补充说明，增加额外信息量。那么这三种从句是否也可以用在口语中并且发挥同样的用途呢？下面就从语法角度来感受英语从句在应对雅思口语考试三部分话题时的巨大威力。

一、定语从句经典系列

① (名词或代词) is the kind of (person/place/thing…) who (which/that) is…

② (名词或代词) is a (person/ place…) who (which) gives you the impression ofbeing…

③ (名词或代词)is one of the most (形容词) (名词) I have ever seen/met/known.

④ (地点名称) is a place where you can do sth.

⑤ (时间名词) is a day (occasion/the time) when you do sth.

二、名词性从句经典系列

① The reason why I (admire him/like the place…) is that +从句

② The most important thing is that+从句

③ Another thing is that+从句

④ What I mean is that + 从句

⑤ What I’d like to say is that +从句

以上名词性从句①到③是引出个人观点或信息时的过渡句型，在口语表达中可以起到建构框架，使条理清晰层次分明的作用。而④和⑤则是用于进一步解释说明。套用实例：

The reason why I admire Yaoming is that he is a legend and also a greatguy. The most important thing is that he is one of China’s most recognizableathletes. What I mean is, his image can be seen everywhere, he is a householdname. Another thing is that Yao has also participated in many charity eventsduring his career. What I’d like to say is that he not only donated money toreli work, but also created a foundation to help those in need.

三、状语从句经典系列

① I first got to know him/it when + 从句(过去式)

② (名词或代词) have (动词过去分词) since +从句(过去式)

③ If I had the chance, I would like to…

④ If …, then it is quite possible that I will…

以上句型只需稍加变动，便可应用于多种话题。句型之间的有机组合还可成为集合，碰到没话说的时候十分顶用。

句型①套用实例：

I first got to know him when I was studying in primary school. (人物题通用)

I first read the story/saw the programme when I was visiting mygrandparents three years ago. (物品题通用)

I first learned how to skate/play basketball when I was in high school.(兴趣爱好题通用)

句型②套用实例：

We have lost contact since he moved out of town.

I have stopped watching the programme since I entered the university whereTV was not available.

I have been practicing basketball on a regular basis ever since I knew howto play it.

句型③是虚拟语气，表达一种设想。当问题为would you like to…时，建议使用该句型。另外，还可以在无话可说时用来应急。套用句型：

If I had the chance, I would like to travel to California and visit my bestfriend who I haven’t seen for ages.

If I had the chance, I would like to ask Yaoming to autograph mybasketball.

句型④是在分情况讨论问题时必备句型，也是丰富回答内容的经典招数。套用实例：

Q: What do you usually do at weekends?

A: Well, it’s hard to say. I mean, if I am with friends, then it’s quitepossible that we will go window shopping or traveling around. But if I am alone,it’s more likely that I will just stay at home and do some washing andcleaning.

当然，以上两种情境还可以变换成多种可能，如按天气状况分为If it is good weather, 和If it is bad weather;按时间多少分为If I’ve got a lot of time，和If I am fairly busy; 等等。

综上，三大英语从句在口语中的适量使用可以起到意想不到的效果，既在语法这一评分标准上赢得了优势，又可以帮助摆脱考场上无话可说的尴尬。只要肯花功夫和时间记忆以上一些经典句型并加以巩固练习，相信必定会在雅思口语单项方面有所提高。